Medication to help reduce the risk of stroke

Bottle of tablets

Why have I been prescribed this?

After a stroke, medication plays a big part in your living a long and healthy life.

Medications are used to help:

  • manage your symptoms
  • improve your quality of life
  • help reduce the risk of another stroke

Despite the fact that medications are effective people often do not like taking them and do not take them consistently.

To increase chances of taking your medications consistently, you must really understand what they do.

Why has my dose changed?

After having a stroke you will most likely be on medications for life.

Some of the prescribed medications start off at a low dose and are then increased gradually over the next few months. People often think that increasing the dosage is a bad sign, but it is routine.

Key point

  • Your tablets are an essential part of your treatment
  • If you are worried about side effects, speak to your doctor or pharmacist
  • It is very important that you not stop or change the dosage of your tablets before discussing it with your doctor

A chat at the stroke group

Jane and Deirdre chat at their local stroke group. Select the arrow keys to hear Deirdre’s story.
Tiredness (Post-stroke fatigue) is one of the most common symptoms of stroke.Setbacks are a normal part of life.By pacing yourself, fatigue becomes more manageable, no longer a setback.Careful planning of each day is useful if you feel tired or overwhelmed.Practice is important, it helps build confidence.By using problem-solving, setbacks become an opportunity to learn new ways to cope.Remember to look for solutions, and ways to do things differently.

View text alternative

Scene 1

  • Jane: Hello Deirdre, how are you?
  • Deirdre: Awful Jane, truth be told. I’m just not coping……I’m tired all the time. I was in the park Sunday with my grandaughter and I couldn’t keep up. Same at home: dirty dishes and ironing piling up.
  • Key point: Tiredness (Post-stroke fatigue) is one of the most common symptoms of stroke

Scene 2

  • Jane: That sounds hard. But then stroke recovery is difficult, especially tiredness. Remember setbacks are normal, part of recovery. I’ve learned to expect them. I see them as a chance to practise new ways to cope
  • Deirdre: What do you mean Jane?
  • Key point: Setbacks are a normal part of life

Scene 3

  • Jane: I used to get exhausted and it got me down. But then I started to pace myself. Taking things easier, pressure off. Conserving energy for the important things, one at a time. And ask for help when I needed it. It really helped. You should try it.
  • Deirdre: Suppose so. But isn’t that like giving up though? I’ve always kept busy.
  • Key point: By pacing yourself, fatigue becomes more manageable, no longer a setback

Scene 4

  • Jane: You can still be busy. Look, this is my diary. Each day separated into morning, afternoon, evening. I plan activities I want to do, but also keep time free  to relax (Close up of Jane’s illustrative daily diary.
  • Key point: Careful planning of each day is useful if you feel fatigued or overwhelmed

Scene 5.

  • Deirdre: OK, that looks like something I could try.

Scene 6

  • Jane: And when a set back arises, say I’m snowed under by housework, I sit down with pen and paper and problem-solve, working out a solution: what I plan to do, how I can get there, breaking down the problem into small, manageable parts. It really works. You could try it!
  • Deirdre: I guess I could. Let me write that down now. Problem-solve…….plan step-by-step solution….
  • Key point:By using problem-solving, setbacks become an opportunity to learn new ways to cope

Scene 7.

Close up of problem-solving therapy sheet

Sue and Steve

This discussion shows how a couple were helped to talk about sex by their stroke nurse. Sue had a stroke and Steve is her husband. Ben their stroke nurse helped them to talk openly about their feelings on how stroke had affected their relationship. This included the physical aspects and sex.

View text alternative

Health professionals often use guides to help them discuss issues. This discussion shows how a couple were helped to talk about sex by their stroke nurse. Sue had a stroke and Steve is her husband. Ben their stroke nurse helped them to talk openly about their feelings on how stroke had affected their relationship. This included the physical aspects and sex.

  • Steve – well, it took us a while to get round to even thinking about this. Sue had her stroke in February and was in the hospital for 6 weeks. You don’t think to ask about these things, I was just so relieved that she hadn’t died. We’d been home for a few months and the stroke nurse had been visiting. He was really coming to see Sue but he would always ask how I was doing and sometimes he would see us together. He always asked “do you have any questions” and it was only after I could see Sue managing better that I began to wonder if it would be okay for us to have sex – but I didn’t like to ask – felt that might be selfish. When Sue first came home she wasn’t sleeping well and I had started sleeping in the spare room. Then one visit Ben asked Sue if it was okay to ask her some questions on how her stroke had affected our relationship, Sue asked me to come in and sit with them both. Ben explained that after stroke many couples found it difficult to be the same with each other including talking to each other about how they are feeling and about sex. Well at first I didn’t know where to look, I sneaked a peek at Sue and she was blushing. Then I felt relieved, maybe I could talk about this and somehow it seemed easier with Ben being there too. I had been frightened to ask Sue about how she would feel about sex, we had had the odd cuddle and kiss but I was always aware her arm and leg were weak and I knew she had a catheter in – I didn’t know if we could have sex if she had a catheter.
  • Sue “I was worried too, I thought you probably wouldn’t fancy me anymore, my arm and leg don’t work properly, I’ve this tube sticking out, I can’t feel you touching me the same way, sometimes its tingly and painful, . Even when you kiss me it’s duller somehow and sometimes I feel as though my face is droopy . I always felt tired and we weren’t sharing the same bed – I didn’t know how to ask you to come back into our bed. Ben had said sometimes medications or the affect of the stroke and how we feel can cause problems. He encouraged us to talk more about it.
  • Steve – I didn’t want to hurt you, you know physically, and I was worried about causing another stroke. Our relationship had changed and I had had to help with so many things that I was feeling like your carer rather than your husband. Ben chatted to us and gave us some advice on thinking about getting back to having a sexual relationship. To take it easy, first step was to start being in the same bed, This naturally led to a bit more closeness and cuddling.
  • Sue – yeah – he gave us some more specific information about sex when you have a catheter – it made me realise I wasn’t the only person that had this. He said I could just tape the catheter to my stomach or leg out of the way, he even said that men could have sex when they have a catheter just to tape it to themselves and put a condom on – I was really surprised.Ben also said some medications, especially blood pressure medications can affect men but these could be changed for some different ones. Most other things we’ve managed to ask other people their opinions or advice but its not the kind of thing you speak to your children about.
  • Steve – Ben suggested setting some time aside together, making sure we were rested and not going to have any interruptions. Think about what worked for us before. Set the scene with lighting the candles that Sue likes and dim the lights. We took lots of cushions up to bed for extra support and at first we just concentrated on touching and speaking to each other.
  • Sue – We’d not done that for years and I found it helped to go back to basics but I wasn’t getting aroused like I used to. We spent longer in finding what was good for me and used some lubricant and that did help when we eventually “went for it”
  • Steve – we’re still taking it slowly and gaining confidence, its like courting all over again, its been good for us
  • Sue – yes it has.

Key point

You can see from Sue and Steve that it took time for them to feel comfortable with each other as roles sometimes change. They were able to talk to each other about their feelings and over time their intimacy is growing.

Hear from some people whose lives have changed after stroke

Here are 3 people whose lives have changed after stroke. Select their photo to find out more.

  • Karen

    Karen

    Karen is in her 30’s. She is married with 2 primary school children and worked full-time before her stroke as a financial advisor. She had her stroke 9 months ago. She is not yet back at work, but hopes to return next year.

  • Stuart

    Stuart

    Stuart is 68 years old. He had his stroke 18 months ago. He retired a few years ago from his job in the civil service. He has been married to Wilma for 40 years and they have 2 children and 4 grandchildren.

  • Richard

    Richard

    Richard, 36 years old, was a successful businessman. Until he had his stroke 2 years ago he was involved in lots of committees and served on the local community council.

What does communication mean to me?

Select the previous and next arrows to find out what communication means to the characters below.

View text alternative

Animation of a person holding a sign and the message changes

  • Hearing about the family
  • Gossiping with the neighbours
  • Getting what I want
  • Getting it off my chest
  • Knowing I can help
  • Keeping in the loop
  • Clearing the air
  • Putting the world to rights
  • Expressing my opinions
  • Winning the debate

Something to try

Take a few minutes to think about what communication means to you?
Has this changed since your stroke?
Keep a note of what’s important to you.

How does stress affect the body?

Stress can affect you in different ways as we will explore in this section.

Stress causes a hormone called adrenaline to be released in your body. This helps you cope with the pressures of life.

When you get adrenaline from feeling stressed you get energized, blood rushes through you and your heart beats faster. You may have heard this being called the “fight” or “flight” response.

Let’s look at the physical effects of stress

Stress effects on the body

View text alternative

  • Headaches
  • Digestive problems, upset stomach including diarrhoea and constipation, nausea or feeling ‘a knot’ in the stomach
  • Aches, pains and tense muscles
  • Chest pains and rapid heart beat
  • Feeling sweaty with a dry mouth
  • Cold or sweaty hands and feet
  • Nervousness and shaking
  • Loss of sexual desire and / or ability
  • Low energy
  • Low immune system (increase in coughs and colds)


Now let’s look at how stress can affect the mind.

Something to think about

Are you affected in any of these ways? It could be that you are feeling stressed.

Two months later…

Jane and Deirdre chat at their local stroke group. Select the arrow keys to hear Deirdre’s story.

View text alternative

Jane and Deirdre chat two months later at their local group

Scene 1

  • Jane: Hello Deirdre, how are you?
  • Deirdre: Much better Jane, thank you, much better.

Scene 2

  • Jane: What’s helped?
  • Deirdre: You were right. I’m still tired, but its easier to cope with. I use my daily diary, and I get more done because I pace myself and relax. And I don’t give myself a hard time now.

Scene 3

  • Deirdre: Setbacks are a chance to learn, problem solve. I finally feel like I’m coping, at last.

 

Something to think about

Do any of these ideas sound useful to you? It might be worth giving them a try.

Let’s go on to look at the problem-solving sheet that Jane and Deirdre talked about.

Templates to download

Download the Daily activity diary [.pdf, 50KB]

Download the problem-solving sheet [.pdf, 330 KB]

How does stress affect the mind?

View text alternative

  1. “I feel overwhelmed and I find it difficult to make decisions.”
  2. “I feel tense and anxious.”
  3. “I’m moody.”
  4. “I can’t concentrate and I forget things.”
  5. “I feel lonely and it’s affecting my confidence.”

Everyone reacts to stress in different ways, although there are some common signs and symptoms to look for. Your symptoms can be related to how you think, feel and behave.

We have had a look at how stress affects the mind and body. Lets have a look at how stress can affect your behaviour.

Something to think about

Are you affected in any of these ways? It could be that you are feeling stressed.